What Are The Application Scenarios And Cases of Ball Screw?

1. Core application scenarios and case details

The performance requirements of ball screw vary greatly in different fields. Through structure and process optimization, the whole scenario can be covered.

(1) Semiconductor manufacturing:

Semiconductor equipment requires nanoscale precision, and ball screw affects chip yield in vacuum and high frequency start-stop environment.

Typical cases: 12-inch wafer transfer robots use Class C0 ball screws with lead accuracy ±3μm/300mm, combined with ceramic balls and other technologies, achieving wafer alignment error ≤1μm and an exposure yield rate of 98%; wafer cutting equipment has path accuracy ±0.005mm, while wire bonding machines maintain a bond yield rate ≥99.5%.

(2) CNC machine tools:

The feed system of CNC machine tool depends on ball screw, which needs to take into account high speed, rigidity and long stroke stability.

Typical case: The φ160mm×7.7m IT5 grade lead screw is used for the double dragon gate boring and milling machine, with a static load of 250t and a temperature rise of ≤20℃ at a speed of 5m/min. The product qualification rate increased from 85% to 98%; the C3 grade pre-pressed lead screw is used for the five-axis machining center, achieving a repeat positioning ± of 0.003mm and an efficiency improvement of 30%.

(3) Industrial robots:

Industrial robot joints need high load and high frequency accurate motion, ball screw affects the operation accuracy and life.

Typical case: The automotive welding robot uses double nuts to pre-press the screw rod on the X-axis, achieving a positioning accuracy of ±0.02mm at 0.5m/s speed with temperature rise ≤5℃; the humanoid robot's elbow joint features an optimized roller design that maintains a angular velocity of 1.5rad/s under 20kg load while achieving repeatable positioning ±0.01°.

(4) New Energy and Transportation:

The new energy field requires high speed and stable transmission, and the vehicle steering system requires compactness and fast response.

Case 1 (Battery manufacturing): The high-speed lightweight screw bar is used for battery pack welding equipment, and the welding gun moves at a high speed of 2m/s. The daily production capacity is increased from 1200 sets to 1800 sets.

Case 2 (Automobile steering): The integrated screw unit for EPS of new energy vehicles has a steering response of 20ms, which is three times faster than the hydraulic system and an annual production capacity increase of 50%.

(5) Special Vehicles and National Defense:

Special vehicles need to be quickly located under extreme working conditions, and the anti-interference ability and maintenance cycle of ball screw are crucial.

Typical cases: The screw rod of the air defense radar vehicle drives the mast, reducing the positioning time to 1/3, resisting wind force 9, and extending the maintenance cycle to 2 years; the base station of the 5G communication vehicle has an alignment error of less than 0.1°, and the signal stability is 100%.

2. Application scenarios and case summary table

3. Application Trends:

In the future, ball screw will develop towards intelligent and integrated: sensors and AI are embedded to realize error compensation and fault warning; modular integration with motors and encoder modules can achieve efficiency of over 98%; ceramic materials and laser cladding technology can be extended to extreme scenarios such as deep space exploration.

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