What Are The Common Faults of Planetary Roller Screw?

During the long-term operation of planetary roller screw (and similar precision ball screws), the common faults mainly concentrate on the operating condition, accuracy, mechanical wear, and environmental adaptability. The specific common faults and their corresponding causes are as follows:

1. Abnormal operation (abnormal noise, vibration, jamming)

Abnormal noise (such as clicking sound, metal friction sound): Usually caused by the wear or damage of the rollers/balls, the obstruction of the screw and nut's helical groove by impurities (such as dust, debris), the failure of the return ball device, or the eccentric installation causing abnormal load.

Excessive vibration: Mostly due to insufficient rigidity of the screw, poor contact between the rollers and the raceway, misalignment between the motor and the screw, uneven load distribution, or system resonance.

Jamming or poor movement (difficult rotation): Mainly due to the entry of contaminants (iron filings, dust) into the raceway, the bending deformation of the screw, uneven size of the rollers, or excessive tightness of the nut seat/bearing seat, resulting in excessive local resistance.

2. Decreased accuracy (positioning deviation, large clearance)

Large positioning deviation (such as inaccurate positioning, poor repeatability): Mostly caused by the wear of the screw or nut, increased axial clearance (insufficient or excessive preload), increased pitch error, or reduced installation accuracy (such as excessive deviation in the parallelism between the screw and the guide rail) resulting in it.

Reverse operation "empty travel": Usually caused by excessive axial clearance or insufficient preload.

3. Excessive temperature rise

Abnormal increase in operating temperature: Mainly due to poor lubrication (insufficient lubricating oil, deterioration or mismatch in viscosity), excessive load, excessive operating speed, excessive preload causing intensified friction, or poor heat dissipation conditions of the equipment.

4. Increased wear and lifespan issues

Increased wear and increased clearance: Mostly caused by long-term insufficient lubrication, overloading operation, material fatigue, or adverse environmental conditions (dusty, humid) leading to surface corrosion and wear, resulting in unstable transmission and shortened lifespan.

5. Component damage (leakage of balls, fracture)

Leakage of balls or fracture of the return ball device: Mostly caused by overload impact leading to the overload limit of the return ball device, structural damage caused by violent knocking during installation, or material fatigue due to long-term high-frequency use.

6. Failure of sealing and lubrication

Oil leakage/leakage: Mostly due to aging and wear of the sealing components, poor sealing, or excessive addition of lubricant.

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